What is a TENS machine?

TENS stands for Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation (TENS), it is a device designed to reduce pain and can be used in labour and birth. A TENS machine sends small pulses of electrical currents into your back muscles and tissues via leads to electrode pads, which are held in place by a firm gel. You will feel a gentle buzzing/tingling sensation on your back and you have the ability to increase or lower the pulses to your desired level.

Listen to The Great Birth Rebellion podcast on Managing Labour Pain Without Medicine (episode 47), Mel and B discuss the benefits of a TENS machine just before 00:54:00. Read more about TENS machines in articles by Evidence Based Birth and Pregnancy Birth and Baby.

How does it work to reduce pain in labour?

  • Electrical pulses help block pain receptors to the brain.

  • Natural feel-good hormones (endorphins) are released by the TENS pulses. Endorphins help relieve pain and reduce stress.

  • A TENS machine helps distract women from contractions, helps women feel less anxious and more in control in labour. Your mindset is an invaluable tool in labour.

  • It provides a drug-free alternative to pain relief in labour.

Can it help me after birth?

  • After birth, some women experience after birth pains when the uterus contracts to return to pre-pregnancy size. Heat patches will help relieve the discomfort from these cramps in the early days after birth but also your TENS machine can be really helpful during this period, so don't forget your TENS machine after birth!

When should I start using the TENS machine?

As soon as you feel like you need something for pain relief. The TENS machine can be used in early labour and established labour, it is especially helpful for the car ride to your birth facility. The TENS machine is not waterproof so you will need to remove it if you use the shower or water immersion.

It is a good idea for you and your support person to test the machine before labour begins, to understand where to place the pads and how to use the functions (contraction timer and boost functions; instructions are included in the hire from Labour Loot).

Is a TENS machine safe?

For most people, a TENS machine does not have any associated risks.

There are, however, some contraindications for using a TENS machine as outlined in the manual (pages 17-18). Contraindications include during pregnancy before 37 weeks gestation, placing electrodes in positions other than those recommended in the manual, women with a cardiac pacemaker or who suffer from a heart condition, epilepsy, undiagnosed pain, women with metal implants or any concerns. Always check with your midwife or doctor before using a TENS machine to ensure it is safe for you.